使用autotool工具链维护软件包

autotool工具链是GNU工具集中维护软件包的利器，可以方便实现的软件包在不同环境和平台的配置编译和安装自动化。
多平台配置自动化的核心是configure脚本，从configure.in（有时候是configure.ac）执行autoconf得到。

除了autoconf之外，GNU的的autotools工具链还包括automake和libtools等。
autoconf工具从configure.in文件和Makefile.in文件生成系统平台相关的configure检查脚本和Makefile编译文件。Makefile.in文件包含编译软件（程序）需要的步骤指令，但是不包含实际的文件名和路径，而代之以宏名，autoconf会取代这些宏名。
GNU automake可以进一步简化Makefile的写作，它可以从Makefile.am的文件生成Makefile.in文件。automake的Makefile.am文件包含需要编译的文件列表和编译顺序和它提供的一些便利宏指令。
对于开发应用程序库的问题（library），GNU提供了解决库问题（如连接库的版本等）的工具libtools。libtools配合automake使用。

熟悉和掌握autotools对于维护软件包和开发过程的控制都很有用。
关于这些工具链的直接参考书籍：AutoTools Book

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